Which document was created to address the gaps in the U.S. Constitution?

The Bill of Rights was created to address the gaps in the U.S. Constitution by providing specific protections for individual liberties and rights. When the Constitution was ratified, many people were concerned that it did not explicitly guarantee rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and the press. The Bill of Rights, which consists of the first ten amendments to the Constitution, was developed to alleviate these concerns by clearly delineating the rights of individuals and limiting the power of the federal government. This addition played a crucial role in securing ratification by ensuring that the government would not infringe upon these essential freedoms.

The other documents mentioned do not serve this specific purpose. The Articles of Confederation, for example, were the original governing document of the United States, but they proved to be ineffective in unifying the country and managing its affairs, leading to the creation of the Constitution in the first place. The Federalist Papers were a series of essays written to promote the ratification of the Constitution, articulating its benefits rather than addressing rights specifically. The Declaration of Independence was focused on justifying the colonies' separation from Britain and did not establish a framework for governance or enumerate individual rights.