What were Jefferson's views on political parties?

Thomas Jefferson viewed political parties as potentially harmful to the fabric of democracy. He believed that the rise of factions could lead to divisions within society and promote conflict rather than cooperation. Jefferson feared that political parties would prioritize their interests over the common good, leading to a deterioration of civic virtue and public engagement in governance.

His apprehension stemmed from the idea that political parties might create a polarization that could undermine national unity and encourage the pursuit of power for power's sake, rather than for the betterment of society as a whole. Jefferson's sentiments are articulated in his correspondence, where he discusses the dangers of partisanship and the need for a more concerted effort toward common ideals and values, rather than adherence to party lines. This perspective highlights his belief in an accountable and ethical form of government that could best function when citizens worked above and beyond the constraints of political affiliation.